“Modifiable Areal Unit Problem”

“The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) is statistical bias resulting from the sensitivity of analytical results of spatial areal data to levels of aggregation (the scale effect), as well as the arbitrary and modifiable sizes, shapes, and arrangements of zones.” (The modifiable areal unit problem by S. Openshaw)

Gehlke & Biehl, “Certain effects of grouping upon the size of the correlation coefficient in census tract material”

Gerrymandering, Simpson’s paradox

Brennan Klein is examining it and collecting examples.