Allotaxonometry and rank-turbulence divergence: A universal instrument for comparing complex systems

• https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.09770.pdf
• P. S. Dodds, J. R. Minot, M. V. Arnold, T. Alshaabi, J. L. Adams, D. R. Dewhurst, T. J. Gray, M. R. Frank, A. J. Reagan, C. M. Danforth

A general method to compare two rankings.