How the news media activate public expression and influence national agendas

exposure to the news media causes Americans to take public stands on specific issues, join national policy conversations, and express themselves publicly.

Matched-pair randomized experimental design, with the treatment being a set of outlets by a pack of outlets.

Then we randomly assigned one week to be the “treatment” week, during which pack members ran their stories, and one to be the “control week” when they were asked to behave as usual